Gender and trade

This report is produced as part of WHO’s Right to Health programme in the occupied Palestinian territory, which focuses on monitoring and documentation of barriers to the right to health for Palestinians; capacity-building for strengthening the right to health and a human rights-based approach to health; as well as advocacy towards ending barriers and violations of the right to health. The purpose of the report is to provide analysis of data collected through monitoring, to support evidence-based advocacy to strengthen respect, protection, and fulfilment of the right to health in the occupied Palestinian territory. The data and analysis included in the report builds on previous annual reporting (see more recent years: 2018, 2017, 2016, 2014–2015); WHO monthly access reporting; and WHO health attacks monitoring. Further information resources for the right to health produced by WHO in the occupied Palestinian territory can be found online.

This document presents The Arab watch report on economic and social rights 6- the right to health. This Arab Watch report contributes to the ongoing global debate on health and care policies and exposes multiple policy failures at national and regional level, resulting from domestic tensions and global trends. As the sixth report on Economic and Social Rights, it is a valuable source of information and analysis from practitioners, academia, and civil society organizations. But the main value of this report goes beyond its content and lies in its process. The Arab Watch is the result of the invisible history of consultations, networking, and coalition building that made it happen. And in that regard, the public launching of the report is not its end, but the beginning of its life as an advocacy tool. By strengthening civil society in its key role of making the powerful accountable, this report is contributing to better health policies, and making governance more democratic and healthier.

This document presents a report on the right to health in Palestine. This report on the right to health in Palestine does not constitute an evaluative study of health system and facilities performance, nor does it aspire to blame any party. Instead, it tries to shed light on the successes and challenges faced by the system and its users and inform the extent to which the right to health is realized. In addition, the report aims to provide transparent observations to inform multisectoral national efforts to reach a better level of care. The realization of the right to health in Palestine is affected by a complex set of public and private determinants. The COVID-19 pandemic and the pattern of global and local interventions carried challenges related to the unequal distribution of prevention and treatment resources. The confusion of health systems, the lack of coping even in developed countries, and the decline of an essential group of health services in favor of confronting the pandemic are factors that apply to many countries, including Palestine

This document presents a report on the right to health through a social protection lens. Given the assumptions of universality and adequacy of benefits in the right to health, the report covers the targeting and universal coverage dilemma in the region, including, actual responses during and post-COVID and Arab government philosophies of social protection. It does so by examining how Arab populations access health protection services through the following modalities: government-provided public health systems (which rely on taxation and government revenues); social insurance for formally employed private and public sector workers; social safety nets that include a health component (such as cash transfers); out of pocket expenditure (which is known to be very high in the region); and, finally, private medical health insurance (such as through occupational programs or market-bought services). To this end, the report distinguishes its focus from standard public health analysis by referring to Social Health Protection

The document presents a Women and HIV in the Middle East and North Africa. Women are on the frontlines of HIV across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Of the estimated 470,000 [340,000 – 540,000] people living with HIV in MENA, approximately 40% are women. Their numbers are set to grow: MENA is one of only two regions of the world where new HIV infections, and AIDS-related deaths, continue to rise. The majority of countries in MENA are witnessing concentrated epidemics, among most-at-risk-populations, and in most countries, sex is the main route of transmission. This means that women are touched both directly—as injecting drug users or sex workers—and indirectly—as the sexual partners of clients, or injecting drug users, or men who also have sex with men. Wives are hit particularly hard: in a number of countries, the majority of women living with HIV have been infected by their husbands.