Gender and trade

This document presents research on Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation at Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt. The present study was carried find out about FGM in Beni-Suef Governorate. The prevalence of FGM/C was 71.4%. Only 25.7% of females had good knowledge about FGM/C; 35.5% had an unfavorable attitude towards supporting FGM/C. About 29.7% of participants in the current study are suffering from complications after FGM. There was a significantly higher Desire, Arousal, Lubrication, orgasm, Satisfaction domain, and Total score among not circumcised married participants than circumcised ones. However, the Pain domain didn't differ significantly between circumcised and not circumcised

This document presents a research article on Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation, and Women’s Knowledge, Attitude, and Intention to Practice in Egypt : A Nationwide Survey. The prevalence of FGM was 74.2%. Only 5.7% of females had a good level of knowledge, 65.3% had a favorable attitude regarding (i.e. were against) FGM, and 31.8% reported that they intended to practice FGM. Logistic regression models showed that younger age, rural area of residence, and level of education (illiteracy or just reading and writing) were significantly associated with a poor level of knowledge, and level of education, marital status, exposure to mutilation, and level of knowledge significantly affected their attitude. Significant predictors of females’ intention to practice were their mutilation experience, level of knowledge, and attitude and husband’s pressure to perform FGM.

This document presents an article on Reconstructing Sexuality after Excision: The Medical Tools. Clitoral reconstructive surgery is not sufficient to restore women’s sexual pleasure after excision. If the surgical technique aims at reconstructing the cut clitoris after type 2 female genital mutilation, the surgery alone cannot reconstruct other dimensions invoked by women in their requests for the procedure. In France, where clitoral reconstructive surgery since 2004 has been entirely covered by national insurance, a multidisciplinary approach precedes the surgery. Ethnographic fieldwork in one public hospital contributes a wider comprehension of the entire process of clitoral reconstruction, as well as the tools elaborated by the medical team. In particular, analysis of the assessments of the psychologist and sex therapist compiled in the medical folders shows how the multidisciplinary medical team developed specific tools. These tools are oriented at reconstructing the patient’s sexual sensibility, at breaking through psychological blocks such as self-esteemand body image, and/or at addressing abusive intimate relationships.

This document presents a research on Relationship between Females' Knowledge and Attitude and Intention of Female Genital Mutilation. The present study was carried find to estimate relationship between level of knowledge, attitude and intentions of females toward the practice of FGM.

This document presents pilote toolkit for replacing approches to ending femal genital mitulation in the EU : implementing behaviour change with practising communities. This pilot toolkit is based on work undertaken with Somali and Sudanese communities residing in the Netherlands and the UK. The research was undertaken using participatory action research methods by FSAN in the Netherlands and FORWARD UK in the UK.